Insect allergy is an allergic reaction that occurs when the immune system overreacts to venom, saliva, or other substances from insect stings or bites. Common triggers include bees, wasps, hornets, yellow jackets, fire ants, and certain biting insects like mosquitoes. Symptoms can range from mild—such as redness, swelling, and itching at the site—to severe, life-threatening reactions (anaphylaxis) involving difficulty breathing, dizziness, or swelling of the throat and tongue. Treatment may include antihistamines for mild symptoms, epinephrine for severe reactions, and, in some cases, allergy shots to reduce sensitivity over time.

It’s common to experience mild redness, warmth, discomfort, and swelling after an insect sting, but this reaction is entirely different from an insect allergy. An allergy causes far more serious symptoms. Around 5% of insect allergy sufferers have a very severe anaphylactic reaction. Signs of anaphylaxis include hives, itching, swelling, and difficulty breathing. You may also lose consciousness when having an anaphylactic reaction. If you have symptoms of an anaphylactic reaction, follow your allergist’s protocol for emergencies, which usually includes injecting epinephrine. Anaphylaxis is always urgent, so get to the nearest medical facility for emergency care immediately.

Treatment depends on whether you’re having a reaction or an allergy.

Insect sting reactions

If you have a normal (mild) reaction to an insect sting but don’t have an insect sting allergy, you can generally treat the sting at home. Ice packs and over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medication can reduce swelling and discomfort in this situation.

Insect allergy

If you have an insect allergy or a suspected allergy, skin testing at Bellagio Family Medical, is usually the most effective way to diagnose the specific one. You may also need blood testing to isolate the cause. Treatment varies by individual and allergy severity. Many insect allergy sufferers benefit from insect venom immunotherapy – allergy shots that reduce your abnormally high venom sensitivity to a normal level. Your treatment may also include antihistamines. If you have a severe insect allergy, your allergist may prescribe injectable epinephrine that you keep with you in case of an emergency.

You don’t need to fear an insect sting. The Bellagio Family Medical, team offers effective customized solutions like insect venom immunotherapy, so call the office nearest you or schedule an appointment online today.